Kalimantan comprises the southeastern two-thirds of the island of Borneo, the third largest island in the world. With its vast rainforests, fertile agricultural land, and mineral deposits, Kalimantan is rich in natural resources. Although industrialization is low, timber and mining industries have played a large role in its development. Over the years, Kalimantan has been seen as an ideal place for migration, and has received mass influxes of transmigrants, especially in the last three decades.
Over the past five years, the provinces of West and Central Kalimantan have been the scenes of mass killings of the Madurese by the indigenous Dayak peoples. Violence erupted in 1996 in West Kalimantan, followed by another outbreak in 1999. Most recently, violent attacks occurred in Central Kalimantan in March 2001. The killings were particularly brutal, as there has been a revival of the traditional, but long-abandoned Dayak practices of decapitation and cannibalism. Virtually no Madurese remain in Central Kalimantan as they have fled to escape the violence. The displaced Madurese are now living in makeshift camps in Kalimantan, as well as with family members in East Java and Madura Island. Most wish to return to their homes on Kalimantan.
For now, the fighting appears to have halted. However, the possibility of renewed violence remains particularly if the displaced Madurese return to their homes in Kalimantan.
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News Articles
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16 Aug 2005 - Expert says Indonesia's forest management system has collapsed (Radio Australia)
12 Aug 2005 - Indonesia to act firmly against those responsible for forest fires (Channel News Asia)
27 Jul 2005 - More than 170 foreigners arrested for illegal logging in Indonesia (Radio Australia)
09 Jun 2005 - Indonesia govt to tender 27 oil and gas concessions this year (Forbes)
03 Jun 2005 - Indonesia moving toward democracy (United Press International)
02 Jun 2005 - Indonesia democracy takes final step in local polls (Reuters)
11 May 2005 - Indonesia Raises Military Budget To Overcome Illegal Logging (Bernama)
06 May 2005 - Malaysia, Indonesia agree to ease tension in disputed maritime area (AFP)
26 Apr 2005 - TNI Commander: Number of Warships in Ambalat Not Reduced (Tempo Interactive)
25 Apr 2005 - Malaysia and Indonesia agree to limit navy vessels in disputed area (Radio Australia)
15 Apr 2005 - Indonesian president reiterates claim to disputed area (Xinhua)
13 Apr 2005 - MPR Speaker: Indonesia’s Outer Borders Are Weak (Tempo Interactive)
13 Apr 2005 - Indonesia protests to Malaysia after naval incident (Reuters)
11 Apr 2005 - Indonesia, Malaysia leaders move to ease tensions (Reuters)
23 Mar 2005 - Indonesia, Malaysia to continue talks on border issues in May (Xinhua)
15 Mar 2005 - Indonesia to build 25 lighthouses amid border dispute with Malaysia (Xinhua)
14 Mar 2005 - Indonesia to continue lighthouse construction in disputed area (Xinhua)
11 Mar 2005 - Indonesia, Malaysia Agree to Peaceful Solution (Laksamana)
10 Mar 2005 - Malaysia says International Court of Justice may rule on oil dispute (Radio Australia)
09 Mar 2005 - Indonesia moved to ease the tensions in oil fields dispute (AP)
09 Mar 2005 - President Not Yet Ordered Withdrawal of Troops (Tempo Interactive)
08 Mar 2005 - Indonesia withdraws 5 warships from disputed water (Xinhua)
07 Mar 2005 - Indonesia, Malaysia to Discuss Disputed Territory (VOA)
04 Mar 2005 - Indonesia, Malaysia clash over waters ownership (Xinhua)
02 Mar 2005 - Indonesia sends ships after Malaysia oil dispute (Reuters)
28 Feb 2005 - Indonesia to process 11,000 permits per day (Star)
25 Feb 2005 - Indonesia Protests Malaysia's Oil Pacts (AP)
10 Dec 2004 - Indonesia and Malaysia Agree to Settle Illegal Logging Problems (Tempo Interactive)
29 Nov 2004 - China's wood demand may hurt Indonesia forests (AP)
22 Nov 2004 - Indonesian pilot dies after unscheduled landing (AFP)
12 Nov 2004 - Journalists Banned From Conflict Zones (Laksamana)
11 Nov 2004 - Indonesia Peat Fires May Fuel Global Warming, Experts Say (National Geoghraphic)
21 Oct 2004 - Coal explorations begin in Indonesia (Asia Times)
13 Oct 2004 - Indonesia police defuse shopping mall bomb (Straits Times)
13 Oct 2004 - Minor Explosions in Kalimantan & Sulawesi (Laksamana)
01 Oct 2004 - KL, Jakarta head towards dispute over oil claims (Straits Times)
01 Sep 2004 - Asian nations in talks to address timber smuggling (Asia Times)
30 Aug 2004 - Indonesia reports more forest fires on Kalimantan island (Xinhua)
24 Aug 2004 - Rain helps clear haze in Indonesia's west Borneo (Reuters)
19 Aug 2004 - Illegal logging a threat to prized timber, group says (Reuters)
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Issue Articles
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08 Jun 2005 - Indonesia jumps last democratic hurdle
23 Mar 2005 - Siapkah TNI Melaksanakan Perang?
16 Mar 2005 - Malaysia, Indonesia vie for oil in troubled waters
16 Mar 2005 - Memberantas Illegal Logging
08 Mar 2005 - Konflik Ambalat dan Politik Serumpun
07 Mar 2005 - Oil-rich islands split Malaysia and Indonesia
25 Feb 2005 - Apes Dwindle As Forests Fall In Indonesia
08 Feb 2005 - Ambalat, Milik Siapa?
07 Dec 2004 - Tragedi Buyat dan ”Good Corporate Citizen”
19 Oct 2004 - Review – Regions: Death in Papua
14 Oct 2004 - Rekonsiliasi
14 Oct 2004 - Mining in a state forest? This is Indonesia!
31 Aug 2004 - Indonesia: OCHA Humanitarian Update Aug 2004
25 Aug 2004 - What's Indonesia Going to Look Like in Five Years?
19 Aug 2004 - Menata Kembali Pola Penempatan TKI
07 Aug 2004 - Hukum Internasional TKI
04 Aug 2004 - Results from Wave XV of Tracking Surveys
31 Jul 2004 - Indonesia: OCHA Humanitarian Update Jul 2004
30 Jul 2004 - Kerusakan Lingkungan dan Perubahan Iklim
27 Jul 2004 - Agenda Pemimpin Baru Indonesia
23 Jul 2004 - Local Conflict in Indonesia: Incidence and Patterns
20 Jul 2004 - Dukung ”Class Action” terhadap Perpu No. 1/2004
09 Jul 2004 - Half a Million IDPs Wait to Return, While Fighting Continues in Aceh
07 Jul 2004 - Illegal loggers: Shoot them, Jakarta says
06 Jul 2004 - Indonesia, Surga bagi Penyelundup
29 Jun 2004 - Tantangan Polri sebagai Mitra Masyarakat
28 Jun 2004 - Indonesia's flashpoints
21 Jun 2004 - People's Power
26 May 2004 - Amnesty International Report 2004: Indonesia
26 May 2004 - ”Illegal Logging”, Isu Strategis Kampanye Capres
14 May 2004 - Regional Budget for TNI: A Threat for Civilian Control over the Military
10 May 2004 - RI Masih Menyimpan 10 Masalah Perbatasan
10 May 2004 - Indonesia Annual Appeal No. 01.64/2004 Programme Update No. 1
14 Apr 2004 - Turbulent Indonesia, moderate Islam
02 Apr 2004 - Indonesia: Changing the balance of power
31 Mar 2004 - Election justice Indonesian-style
31 Mar 2004 - Illegal Logging
23 Mar 2004 - US-Indonesia Relations: Towards a New Era of Partnership
17 Mar 2004 - Mining to resume in protected Indonesian forests
27 Feb 2004 - Indonesia: OCHA Consolidated Situation Report No. 169
26 Feb 2004 - Siapa Penadah Kayu, dan Siapa Mencuri?
25 Feb 2004 - Country Report on Human Rights Practices - 2003
24 Feb 2004 - Recuring Nightmare
24 Feb 2004 - Rainbow Warrior success in Indonesia
16 Feb 2004 - Dunia Pendidikan Kampar Hancur
10 Feb 2004 - Bencana Itu Kembali Terulang
09 Feb 2004 - Education Statistics 2004 - Regional Report on South and East Asia
30 Jan 2004 - Gerakan Nasional Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan
25 Jan 2004 - Politics: Action Urged on Boundaries
23 Jan 2004 - Transition to Crisis in the Indonesian Countryside
20 Jan 2004 - Kekerasan Etnik dan Perdamaian Etnik: Dinamika Relasi Sosial di Antara Dayak, Melayu, Cina, dan Madura di Kalimantan Barat
10 Jan 2004 - Indonesian government can't bury mining conflicts
09 Jan 2004 - A Survey of the Indonesian Electorate in 2003
01 Jan 2004 - Decentralization and the Emergence of Volatile Socio-legal Configurations in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
18 Dec 2003 - Siapa yang Salah dalam Bentrok TNI dan Polisi?
18 Dec 2003 - Indonesia Annual International Religious Freedom Report 2003
23 Nov 2003 - Mining: Legal Minefield
11 Nov 2003 - Exploring Collective Violence in Sambas through The Construction of Collective Identity
07 Nov 2003 - The Perils of Private Security in Indonesia: Guards and Militias on Bali and Lombok
30 Oct 2003 - Ekologi-Politik Pasir Laut
20 Oct 2003 - Strengthening U.S. Relations with Indonesia: Toward a Partnership for Human Resource Development
16 Oct 2003 - Al-Qaeda-linked terrorists plotting new attacks
08 Oct 2003 - Deforestasi, Logging Laundry, dan ASEAN
28 Sep 2003 - Mining: Accountability Demand
21 Sep 2003 - Oil and Gas: Refueling Pertamina
18 Sep 2003 - Belum Mengubah Wajah Penegakan HAM
18 Sep 2003 - Scapegoats for Indonesia's timber problems
16 Sep 2003 - "Illegal Logging", Penyebab dan Dampaknya
15 Sep 2003 - Communal Violence in Indonesia: A Comparative Study
04 Sep 2003 - Pemberdayaan Pulau Perbatasan
14 Aug 2003 - Moral dan Politik Kekerasan
28 Jul 2003 - KPC hits new minefield
24 Jul 2003 - Indonesia's bitter mining endgame
23 Jul 2003 - Refleksi Hari Anak Nasional 23 Juli 2003: Generasi Penuh Trauma
22 Jul 2003 - Why BP had to wash its hands of coalmining after two decades
13 Jul 2003 - Review - Mining: Forest Mining Defended
30 Jun 2003 - Cities in Transition: Urban Sector Review in an Era of Decentralization in Indonesia
08 Jun 2003 - Review- Oil & Gas: US Court Sidesteps Karaha
06 Jun 2003 - Di Balik Asap Kebakaran Hutan
04 Jun 2003 - Partners in Crime
27 May 2003 - Paradise lost?
13 May 2003 - Indonesia's mining quagmire
30 Apr 2003 - Indonesia's GDP to grow 3.4%: ADB
02 Apr 2003 - 95 Groups From 24 Countries Call On OPIC to Cancel Funding For Indonesia Oil and Gas Projects
07 Mar 2003 - Illegal Logging Syndicate Uncovered at Tanjung Putin
06 Feb 2003 - Preparing an Inter-Island Transport Project for Eastern Indonesia
24 Jan 2003 - Requiem for Indonesia's Forests
00 Jan 2003 - Jejak-Jejak Langkah Perdamaian
21 Dec 2002 - Indonesia: Islands in the storm
11 Dec 2002 - Indonesia Backgrounder: How The Jemaah Islamiyah Terrorist Network Operates
22 Nov 2002 - Indonesia's SMEs get a shot in the arm
19 Nov 2002 - Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for Indonesia 2003
00 Oct 2002 - Indonesia: An Archipelago of Self-Determination and Communal Conflicts
11 Sep 2002 - Displaced Indonesians: Refugees In Their Own Land
00 Sep 2002 - Decentralisation of Policies Affecting Forests and Estate Crops in Kotawaringin Timur District, Central Kalimantan
00 Sep 2002 - Desecuritising the "Illegal Indonesian Migrant Worker" Problem in Malaysia's Relations with Indonesia
20 Aug 2002 - Indonesia - Complex emergency situation report #2 (FY 2002)
00 Aug 2002 - NRC: IDPs in Indonesia
00 Jul 2002 - Building agreements among forest stakeholders
00 Jul 2002 - The Timber Mafia
00 Jul 2002 - Illegal Logging in Indonesia
00 Jul 2002 - Illegal logging in the Asia-Pacific
11 Jun 2002 - Health Consequences of Forest Fires in Indonesia
00 Jun 2002 - Celebrate for peace
31 May 2002 - Black cows in Borneo
10 May 2002 - Refugee voices: Displaced Madurese in Indonesia
00 May 2002 - First Indonesia Rapid Decentralization Appraisal (IRDA): Synopsis of Findings (long version)
00 May 2002 - Sinopsis Hasil Temuan Irda Pertama (bahasa Indonesia)
13 Apr 2002 - Security Protection for IDPs and Humanitarian Activists in Indonesia
00 Apr 2002 - Claiming the Forest: Punan Local Histories and Recent Developments in Bulungan, East Kalimantan
00 Apr 2002 - Anatomi Kekerasan Sosial dalam Konteks Transisi: Kasus Indonesia 1990-2001
00 Feb 2002 - Down to Earth Newsletter
14 Jan 2002 - Internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Indonesia : A Compulsive Relocation
14 Jan 2002 - Internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Indonesia : A compulsive relocation
02 Jan 2002 - Conflicts in Indonesia: A sociological review
01 Jan 2002 - HRW World Report: Indonesia
26 Nov 2001 - Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal 2002 for Internally Displaced Persons in Indonesia
24 Oct 2001 - Structural Adjustment and Forestry Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia
24 Oct 2001 - Financial Crisis and Forest in Indonesia
00 Oct 2001 - IMF Intervention In Indonesia
18 Sep 2001 - Decentralization, Local Communities and Forest Management in Barito Selatan
18 Sep 2001 - Decentralization and Forest Management in Kapuas District
18 Sep 2001 - Decentralization of Policy Making and the Administration of Policies Affecting Forests and Crops in Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan
18 Sep 2001 - The Impacts of Decentralization on Forests and Forest-Dependent Communities in Kabupaten Malinau, East Kalimantan
18 Sep 2001 - Decentralisation of Policy Making and Administration of Policies Affecting Forests and Estate Crops in Kotawaringin Timur
00 Sep 2001 - Small-Scale Mining in Indonesia
01 Aug 2001 - CNN Special: Shadows Over Indonesia
01 Aug 2001 - Internal Conflict in Indonesia: Causes, Symptoms and Sustainable Resolution
10 Jul 2001 - Indonesia's Transformation and the Stability of Southeast Asia
27 Jun 2001 - ICG: Communal Violence in Indonesia: Lessons from Kalimantan
24 Jun 2001 - Internal Displacement in Indonesia: Toward an Integrated Approach
22 May 2001 - The Nayau are responsible for the conflict in Sampit
07 May 2001 - Human Tragedy in Sampit
01 May 2001 - Indonesia: Glory and Sorrow - History and Social Aspects
00 Apr 2001 - Deadly conflict in Central Kalimantan
15 Mar 2001 - Indonesia-Kalimantan Consequences
06 Mar 2001 - The Victims in Indonesia's Pursuit of Progress
00 Feb 2001 - Aspirasi Terhadap Ketidakmerataan: Disparitas Regional dan Konflik Vertikal di Indonesia
00 Jan 2001 - Indonesia's Transformation and the Stability of Southeast Asia
00 Dec 2000 - After the Fires in East Kalimantan/Indonesia – Forest Policy Challenged to Support Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)
24 Oct 2000 - Causes of Conflict in Indonesia
05 Sep 2000 - 2000 Annual Report on International Religious Freedom: Indonesia
01 Jul 2000 - Illegal Logging in Tanjung Puting National Park: An Update to the Final Cut Report
00 Jun 2000 - The Hesitant Boom:Indonesia’s Oil Palm Sub-Sectorin in an Era of Economic Crisis and Political Change
00 Jun 2000 - Dampak Krisis Ekonomi Indonesiaterhadap Petani Kecil dan Tutupan Hutan Alam di Luar Jawa
00 Jun 2000 - Preparation for Decentralization/Regional Autonomy
00 May 2000 - The Effect of Indonesia's Economic Crisis on Small Farmers and Natural Forest Cover in the Outer Islands
00 Jan 2000 - Dampak Pembangunan Sektoral terhadap Konversi dan Degradasi Hutan Alam: Kasus Pembangunan HTI dan Perkebunan di Indonesia
13 Dec 1999 - Communal Riots in Recent Indonesia: The Decline of Indonesian Nationalism and Rise of Separatism
00 Dec 1999 - Deregulasi Perdagangan Regional: Pengaruhnya Terhadap Perekonomian Daerah dan Pelajaran yang Diperoleh Desember 1999
09 Sep 1999 - U.S. Department of State Annual Report on International Religious Freedom for 1999: Indonesia
30 Aug 1999 - The Final Cut: Illegal Logging in Indonesia's Orangutan Parks
00 Aug 1999 - Coverage and Targeting in the Indonesian Social Safety Net Programs: Evidence from 100 Village Survey
00 May 1999 - Tahap Persiapan Pelaksanaan Program PDM-DKE: Hasil Pengamatan Tim SMERU di Empat Propinsi
06 Apr 1999 - Indonesia: Racial Killings in Kalimantan fostered by government policy
01 Jan 1999 - Indonesia: Undernutrition in Young Children
18 Dec 1998 - Tahap Persiapan Pelaksanaan Program Operasi Pasar Khusus (OPK):Hasil Pengamatan Kilat Tim SMERU di Lima Propinsi
00 Dec 1998 - Tree Planting in Indonesia: Trends, Impacts and Directions
00 Dec 1998 - Social Impacts of the Indonesian Crisis: New Data and Policy Implications
00 Dec 1998 - Social Impact of the Crisis in Indonesia: Result from a Nationwide Kecamatan Survey
00 Dec 1998 - Dampak Sosial dari Krisis di Indonesia: Hasil dari Survey Nasional Kecamatan
31 Oct 1998 - An Assessment of Fire Distribution and Impacts during 1997 in Kalimantan, Indonesia
31 Jul 1998 - Forest Fires and the Expansion of Indonesia's Oil Palm Plantations Report
00 May 1998 - Conflicts and Fire Causes in a Sub-District of Kutai,East-Kalimantan, Indonesia
01 Nov 1997 - Ethnic Conflict in Kalimantan
01 Sep 1997 - West Kalimantan at a glance
04 Jan 1997 - HRW: Communal Violence in West Kalimantan
01 Dec 1996 - Indonesia's Wood Resource: Trends and Policies
00 Oct 1996 - Assessing People's Perceptions of Forests, Danau Sentarum Wildlife Reserve
00 Oct 1996 - Assessing People's Perceptions of Forests in Danau Sentarum Wildlife Reserve (West Kalimantan, Indonesia)
Conflicts and Fire Causes in a Sub-district1 of Kutal, East-Kalimantan, Indonesia
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