Further research activities on this portal have been suspended due to
shifting priorities within HPCR. Since the current database contains
valuable information for practitioners, HPCR intends to keep this portal
available in its current state.
Political History of the Maoists in Nepal
The Nepal Communist Party was founded in 1949. Until a new Constitution guaranteeing a multi-party system was adopted in 1990, however, most Communist politicians had been in exile. In coalition with a few other left wing political groups, representatives of the Maoist faction of the Nepal Communist Party founded the United People's Front (SJM) in early 1991. The SJM was active in Parliamentary politics and became the third largest party in the House of Representatives in 1991. By 1993, the SJM began to splinter. In 1995, former Parliamentarian Pushpa Kamal Dahal, known as Comrade Prachanda, left the SJM to form the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), which would remain outside of politics and begin guerilla fighting. The two organizations remained close, however, and the SJM was often identified as the political wing of the CPN (Maoist). In early 2000, the SJM was officially dissolved. The CPN (Maoist) is organized along a political front and a military front. Each front has committees at the country level, regional level, and district level. Comrade Prachanda is the leader of the Military Front.
For more information please see:
Human rights violations in the context of a Maoist "peoples' war" by Amnesty International. Report includes a section on the history of the Maoists in Nepal.
http://web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/Index/ASA310011997?OpenDocument&of=COUNTRIES\NEPAL
History of the Maoists by Nepal Research (updated to 2002)
http://www.nepalresearch.com/politics/maoists.htm
Maoists of Nepal by the Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies. Includes a brief history of the Maoists, their ideology, their strategies, and their organizational structure.
http://www.ipcs.org/nmt/milgroups/maoist-nep.html
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